(PHP 5, PHP 7, PHP 8)
stream_socket_client — Open Internet or Unix domain socket connection
$address,&$error_code = null,&$error_message = null,$timeout = null,$flags = STREAM_CLIENT_CONNECT,$context = null
Initiates a stream or datagram connection to the destination specified
by address. The type of socket created
is determined by the transport specified using standard URL formatting:
transport://target. For Internet Domain sockets
(AF_INET) such as TCP and UDP, the target portion
of the address parameter should consist of
a hostname or IP address followed by a colon and a port number. For Unix
domain sockets, the target portion should point
to the socket file on the filesystem.
Note:
The stream will by default be opened in blocking mode. You can switch it to non-blocking mode by using stream_set_blocking().
addressAddress to the socket to connect to.
error_codeWill be set to the system level error number if connection fails.
error_messageWill be set to the system level error message if the connection fails.
timeout
Number of seconds until the connect() system call
should timeout. By default, default_socket_timeout
is used.
Note: This parameter only applies when not making asynchronous connection attempts.
Note:
To set a timeout for reading/writing data over the socket, use the stream_set_timeout(), as the
timeoutonly applies while making connecting the socket.
flags
Bitmask field which may be set to any combination of connection flags.
Currently the select of connection flags is limited to
STREAM_CLIENT_CONNECT (default),
STREAM_CLIENT_ASYNC_CONNECT and
STREAM_CLIENT_PERSISTENT.
contextA valid context resource created with stream_context_create().
On success a stream resource is returned which may
be used together with the other file functions (such as
fgets(), fgetss(),
fwrite(), fclose(), and
feof()), false on failure.
On failure the error_code and
error_message arguments will be populated with the actual
system level error that occurred in the system-level
connect() call. If the value returned in
error_code is 0 and the
function returned false, it is an indication that the error
occurred before the connect() call. This is
most likely due to a problem initializing the socket. Note that
the error_code and
error_message arguments will always be passed by
reference.
| Version | Description |
|---|---|
| 8.0.0 |
timeout and context are now nullable.
|
Example #1 stream_socket_client() example
<?php
$fp = stream_socket_client("tcp://www.example.com:80", $errno, $errstr, 30);
if (!$fp) {
echo "$errstr ($errno)<br />\n";
} else {
fwrite($fp, "GET / HTTP/1.0\r\nHost: www.example.com\r\nAccept: */*\r\n\r\n");
while (!feof($fp)) {
echo fgets($fp, 1024);
}
fclose($fp);
}
?>Example #2 Using UDP connection
Retrieving the day and time from the UDP service "daytime" (port 13) on localhost.
<?php
$fp = stream_socket_client("udp://127.0.0.1:13", $errno, $errstr);
if (!$fp) {
echo "ERROR: $errno - $errstr<br />\n";
} else {
fwrite($fp, "\n");
echo fread($fp, 26);
fclose($fp);
}
?>UDP sockets will sometimes appear to have opened without an error, even if the remote host is unreachable. The error will only become apparent when you read or write data to/from the socket. The reason for this is because UDP is a "connectionless" protocol, which means that the operating system does not try to establish a link for the socket until it actually needs to send or receive data.
Note: When specifying a numerical IPv6 address (e.g.
fe80::1), you must enclose the IP in square brackets—for example,tcp://[fe80::1]:80.
Note:
Depending on the environment, the Unix domain or the optional connect timeout may not be available. A list of available transports can be retrieved using stream_get_transports(). See List of Supported Socket Transports for a list of built in transports.
For those wanting to use stream_socket_client() to connect to a local UNIX socket who can't find documentation on how to do it, here's a (rough) example:
<?php
$sock = stream_socket_client('unix:///full/path/to/my/socket.sock', $errno, $errstr);
fwrite($sock, 'SOME COMMAND'."\r\n");
echo fread($sock, 4096)."\n";
fclose($sock);
?>The remote_socket argument, in its end (well... after the port), can also contain a "/" followed by a unique identifier. This is especially useful if you want to create multiple persistent connections to the same transport://host:port combo.
Example:
<?php
$socket = stream_socket_client('tcp://mysql.example.com:3306/root', $errorno, $errorstr, $timeout, STREAM_CLIENT_CONNECT | STREAM_CLIENT_PERSISTENT);
?>
Note that while (p)fsockopen() follows a similar scheme, it doesn't have this particular feature.# Some may find it useful to know that your caCert
# must be in pem format, and that PHP seems to like
# your key, cert, and cacert pem's to be concatenated
# in a single file (I suffered various "unknown chain"
# errors, otherwise)
#
# So, (linux users), concat your components as follows:
# (where current working dir is dir where
# cert components are stored)
#
# cat key.pem >certchain.pem
# cat cert.pem >>certchain.pem
# cat cacert.pem >>certchain.pem
#
# Then, the php....
##################################
<?php
$host = 'host.domain.tld';
$port = 1234;
$timeout = 10;
$cert = '/path/to/your/certchain/certchain.pem';
$context = stream_context_create(array('ssl'=>array('local_cert'=> $cert,
)));
if ($fp = stream_socket_client('ssl://'.$host.':'.$port, $errno, $errstr, 30,
STREAM_CLIENT_CONNECT, $context)) {
fwrite($fp, "\n");
echo fread($fp,8192);
fclose($fp);
} else {
echo "ERROR: $errno - $errstr<br />\n";
}
?>If you only need to check a stream for data, you can use stream_get_content and strtr function. stream_get_content
reads the remainder of a stream into a string.
<?php
$addr = gethostbyname('www.example.com');
$client = stream_socket_client("tcp://$addr:80", $errno, $errorMessage);
if($client === false){
throw new UnexpectedValueException("Failed to connect: $errorMessage");
}
fwrite($client, "GET / HTTP/1.0\r\nhost: 'www.example.com'\r\nAccept: */*\r\n\r\n");
$variable = stream_get_content($client);
if(strstr($variable,'data your looking for'))
echo "The data you are looking for is here";
else
echo "data not found";
fclose($client);
?>I came here since fsockopen() does not support any SSL certificate checking in PHP5.
while curl is nice, I use stream_socket_client() to make XML-RPC POST requests via HTTPS and since I have not found any PHP code around that does this, I'll attach an example that also includes HTTP-Digest Auth (eg. trac's WikiRPCInterface2):
<?php
#################################################
# $host: hostname ; eg 'example.org'
# $path: request' eg '/index.php?id=123'
# $data_to_send : data to POST after the HTTP header.
#
# if $opts is an empty array() a standard HTTP to port 80 request is performed.
#
# set auth['type']='basic' to use plain-text auth,
# digest-auth will be handled automatically if $auth['username'] is set and a 401
# status is encountered. - use auth['type']='nodigest' to override.
#
##
function httpPost($host, $path, $data_to_send,
$opts=array('cert'=>"", 'headers'=>0, 'transport' =>'ssl', 'port'=>443),
$auth=array('username'=>"", 'password'=>"", 'type'=>"")
) {
$transport=''; $port=80;
if (!empty($opts['transport'])) $transport=$opts['transport'];
if (!empty($opts['port'])) $port=$opts['port'];
$remote=$transport.'://'.$host.':'.$port;
$context = stream_context_create();
$result = stream_context_set_option($context, 'ssl', 'verify_host', true);
if (!empty($opts['cert'])) {
$result = stream_context_set_option($context, 'ssl', 'cafile', $opts['cert']);
$result = stream_context_set_option($context, 'ssl', 'verify_peer', true);
} else {
$result = stream_context_set_option($context, 'ssl', 'allow_self_signed', true);
}
$fp = stream_socket_client($remote, $err, $errstr, 60, STREAM_CLIENT_CONNECT, $context);
if (!$fp) {
trigger_error('httpPost error: '.$errstr);
return NULL;
}
$req='';
$req.="POST $path HTTP/1.1\r\n";
$req.="Host: $host\r\n";
if ($auth['type']=='basic' && !empty($auth['username'])) {
$req.="Authorization: Basic ";
$req.=base64_encode($auth['username'].':'.$auth['password'])."\r\n";
}
elseif ($auth['type']=='digest' && !empty($auth['username'])) {
$req.='Authorization: Digest ';
foreach ($auth as $k => $v) {
if (empty($k) || empty($v)) continue;
if ($k=='password') continue;
$req.=$k.'="'.$v.'", ';
}
$req.="\r\n";
}
$req.="Content-type: text/xml\r\n";
$req.='Content-length: '. strlen($data_to_send) ."\r\n";
$req.="Connection: close\r\n\r\n";
fputs($fp, $req);
fputs($fp, $data_to_send);
while(!feof($fp)) { $res .= fgets($fp, 128); }
fclose($fp);
if ($auth['type']!='nodigest'
&& !empty($auth['username'])
&& $auth['type']!='digest' # prev. digest AUTH failed.
&& preg_match("/^HTTP\/[0-9\.]* 401 /", $res)) {
if (1 == preg_match("/WWW-Authenticate: Digest ([^\n\r]*)\r\n/Us", $res, $matches)) {
foreach (split(",", $matches[1]) as $i) {
$ii=split("=",trim($i),2);
if (!empty($ii[1]) && !empty($ii[0])) {
$auth[$ii[0]]=preg_replace("/^\"/",'', preg_replace("/\"$/",'', $ii[1]));
}
}
$auth['type']='digest';
$auth['uri']='https://'.$host.$path;
$auth['cnonce']=randomNonce();
$auth['nc']=1;
$a1=md5($auth['username'].':'.$auth['realm'].':'.$auth['password']);
$a2=md5('POST'.':'.$auth['uri']);
$auth['response']=md5($a1.':'
.$auth['nonce'].':'.$auth['nc'].':'
.$auth['cnonce'].':'.$auth['qop'].':'.$a2);
return httpPost($host, $path, $data_to_send, $opts, $auth);
}
}
if (1 != preg_match("/^HTTP\/[0-9\.]* ([0-9]{3}) ([^\r\n]*)/", $res, $matches)) {
trigger_error('httpPost: invalid HTTP reply.');
return NULL;
}
if ($matches[1] != '200') {
trigger_error('httpPost: HTTP error: '.$matches[1].' '.$matches[2]);
return NULL;
}
if (!$opts['headers']) {
$res=preg_replace("/^.*\r\n\r\n/Us",'',$res);
}
return $res;
}
?>